International: Middle East & Russia

Middle East

Michael Dahan, Internet Usage in the Middle East: Some Political & Social Implications 2000

• Science and Technology Policy Towards the Islamic World, OSTP 1/11/2005
• Blogger Gets Four-Year Jail Term for Insulting Islam, Ecommerce Times 2/23/2007
• The Internet as Apocalypse, MosNews 5/18/2004
• Islamic site's peaceful path IHT 10/30/02
• Arab world set to get online NUA 10/23/02
• Internet Sabotage, CW 3/3/2008
• Abandoned anchor cut Gulf Internet cable, Globe and Mail 2/13/2008
• Cable Breaks: Lessons Learned, Rensys 2/13/2008
• Abandoned anchor cut Gulf Internet cable, Globe and Mail 2/13/2008
• Cable Breaks: Lessons Learned, Rensys 2/13/2008
• Fifth Undersea Cable Cut - Underwater, dslreports 2/7/2008
• New Internet cables more resilient, says FLAG, Globe and Mail 2/7/2008
• Did The Warranties Just Run Out On Undersea Cables?, Techdirt 2/4/2008
• Iran is not disconnected!, Rensys 2/4/2008
• The Internet's Weakest Link-Submarine Cableheads, TeleFrieden 2/4/2008
• Mediterranean Cable Break - Part III, Rensys 2/4/2008
• Fourth Undersea Fiber Cable Cut - Underwater bogeyman strikes again., dslreports 2/4/2008
• Internet Disrupted in Egypt and India, NYT 2/1/2008
• Internet cut hurts India's call centres, Globe and Mail 2/1/2008
• Outage Cripples Internet Connection to North Africa, Asia, Internet News 2/1/2008
• Crippling Mideast Internet Blackout Could Last Two Weeks, Ecommerce Times 2/1/2008
• India Internet capacity at 80%, Globe and Mail 2/1/2008
• Mediterranean Cable Break - Part II, Rensys 2/1/2008

Afghanistan

• See Cyberwar:Sept 11
• Dot-Com: Building Capacity in Afghanistan's Ministry of Communications: dot-GOV

• Afghan sentenced to death after sharing Web printouts, CNET 1/24/2008
• Afghans sell to the world online, BBC 7/13/2004
• Afghans gain new mobile network, BBC 7/28/03
• Afghan women go high-tech, CNN 4/14/03
• Afghans plant flag on the Internet, CNN 3/12/03
• Afghanistan is "Calling" - Help Put Them On-line, ITU 7/24/02
• Afghanistan's Taliban bans Internet, CNET 07/13/01
• Afghanistan's Taliban Rulers Ban the Internet, Newfactor 07/13/01
• Taliban bars Internet in Afghanistan, ZDNet 07/13/01

Bahrain

• Bahrain Site Registration Sparks Protests, AP 4/29/2005

Iran

• Iranian Activists Criticize New Restrictions on Web Sites, Wash Post 5/22/2008
• Iran - Almost 20 websites blocked as online censorship grows - 21.05.2008, rsf 5/22/2008
• Iran to Filter 'Immoral' Mobile Messages, eweek 5/1/2007
• YouTube gets blocked in Iran, 12/8/2006
• Iranians outraged after video posted to Google redraws map, Guardian 11/14/2006
• Iranian ISPs defy regulator ban on high-speed internet, Iran News 10/30/2006
• Iranian censors clamp down on bloggers, MSNBC 8/15/2006
• Iran Tightens Web Filters, Red Herring 10/24/2005
• Global blogger action day called, BBC 2/22/2005
• Iran jails blogger for 14 years, BBC 2/25/2005
• Iran Jails More Journalists and Blocks Web Sites, NYT 11/9/2004
• Protest against Iran blog arrests, BBC 10/22/2004
• Iran bloggers' censorship protest, BBC 9/24/2004
• Iranian postcards: Cybercafes have sprung up and mullahs are getting webwise, BBC 2/18/2004
• Iran restricts reformist website, BBC 1/8/2004
• Iranian Bloggers Rally Against Censorship, BBC 12/12/2003
• Iran defends web control, BBC 12/12/2003
• Iran Cracks Down On Banned Web Sites, ABC 7/2/03
• Iran Steps Up Net Censorship, BBC 5/12/03
• Blogs Opening Iranian Society?, Wired 5/28/03
• Bloggers unite to fight, BBC 5/2/03
• Iranians arrested for net dating, BBC 3/3/03
• Internet use on the up in Iran NUA 11/5/02
• Iran locks teens out of the Web, CNET 6/25/01

Iraq

Israel

The Global Diffusion of the Internet Project: The State of Israel

Jordan

Year Regulator Established: 1995 | Approval Required for ISP to Start Operations: Formal. | ISP Price Regulation: Yes. | Source: Scott Wallsten, Regulation and Internet Use in Developing Countries, Table 1 (Draft Dec. 2002)

Kuwait

• Kuwait Blocking Islamic Web Sites That Incite Violence, UNDP 2/8/2005

Lebanon

• Besieged Lebanese turn to Internet, MSNBC 8/8/2006

Palestine

• For Hezbollah, it's fiber warfare, CNET 5/13/2008
• Palestinian Internet cafes being attacked, Seattle 3/8/2007
• Palestinians go online to bypass curfews, IHT 2/18/2004

Pakistan

See Cyberwar: India Pakistan
Year Regulator Established: 1996 | Approval Required for ISP to Start Operations: Notification. | ISP Price Regulation: No. | Source: Scott Wallsten, Regulation and Internet Use in Developing Countries, Table 1 (Draft Dec. 2002)

The Diffusion of the Internet in the  Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Peter Wolcott & Seymour E Goodman, The Internet in Turkey and Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis 2000

• Pakistan Lifts YouTube Ban... Hopes Internet Stays In One Piece This Time, Techdirt 2/28/2008
• RIPE NCC Publishes Case Study of youtube.com Hijack, CircleID 2/28/2008
• YouTube outage blamed on Pakistan, BBC 2/25/2008
• Pakistan Joins The Axis Of NoTube; Screws Up The Internet, Techdirt 2/25/2008
• Permanent, Temporary Barriers Interfering With Pakistan's Internet, Ecommerce Times 9/20/2005
• Pakistan communications restored, BBC 7/8/2005
• Pakistan Sans Internet, Chaos Ensues, InternetWeek 7/5/2005
• Pakistan tackles web porn, BBC 8/14/03
• Pakistan Tries To Block Porn Web Sites, ABC 4/7/03
• PTCL Asked To Ink SLA For Nonstop Net Availability - Recommendations to curb cyber-terrorism by Wednesday, Paknews 5/6/03
• Leghari directs PTCL to improve backbone internet connectivity, PakTribune 4/21/03
• PTCL responds to internet slowing attacks, Jang 4/21/03
• Pakistan sets up cyber crime wing, CNN 3/14/03
• Pakistan To Regulate Internet Cafes, Nando 8/7/02
• Cautious Kabul Dabbles With Net, Wired 8/2/02
• Pakistan IT ambassador closing up Shop, CNN 1/7/0